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Ribogospod. nauka Ukr., 2025; 4(74): 207-236
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61976/fsu2025.04.207
UDC 597-115:[639.371.2:639.3.06]

Cytogenetic assessment of the sturgeon (Acipenseridae) hybrid bester on the first year of cultivation using warm wastewater from a power plant

Yu. Glushko, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0002-1479-2948,  Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
O. Tretiak, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0003-2300-9115, Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Yu. Onyshchuk, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0009-0008-3445-0436, Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
O. Kolos, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0009-0008-9312-1368, Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv

Purpose. Assessment of cytogenetic indicators of the sturgeon (Acipenseridae) hybrid bester in the first year of cultivation under conditions of increased heat load with the introduction of the probiotic “Subalin” into the diet.

Methodology. The study was carried out in 2025 in the conditions of the Biosila LLC farm, in the technological cycle of which warm waste water from the power plant is used. Age-0+ were grown in tanks with feeding them with a commercial compound feed with additional introduction to the diet of the drug “Subalin” – a probiotic based on Bacillus subtillis. The assessment of fish productive parameters and physicochemical factors of the environment was carried out using common methods. Cytogenetic studies with micronucleus testing in peripheral blood cells of bester were performed based on the count of erythrocytes with micronuclei, lymphocytes with micronuclei, binuclear lymphocytes and apoptosis in at least of 1000 cells. Blood smears were examined using a Primo Star binocular microscope (Carl Zeiss Jena) with a magnification of 100×/1.25 with immersion. The obtained values ​​of cytogenetic abnormalities were expressed in ppm (‰).

Findings. At the final stage of growing bester, the water temperature for 33 days ranged from 28.1 to 31.3°C (on average, it was 30.1°C), which significantly exceeds the recommended values ​​(no more than 25–26°C). The hydrochemical parameters of the tank environment were suitable for sturgeon aquaculture with a slight excess of individual regulatory values. In the experimental group of fish (n=15) with the introduction of the probiotic “Subalin” into the diet, the average weight of the bester was 128.80±3.42 g (Cv=10.29%). In the control group of fish (n=15), grown without adding probiotic to the diet, the average weight was 110.73±2.86 g (Cv=9.99%). The studied bester groups had a relatively low average level of the count of erythrocytes with micronuclei (from 4.1±0.2 to 4.4±0.3‰). No statistically significant intergroup differences were found in the count of lymphocytes with micronuclei, with slightly lower values ​​in the experimental group of fish (1.2±0.2‰ versus 1.5±0.2‰ in the control). At the same time, a comparative analysis of the level of detected binuclear lymphocytes showed that the experimental group of bester had statistically significantly lower values ​​of this parameter (2.0±0.2‰ versus 3.1±0.2‰ in the control). This may indicate a more stable genetic apparatus of the experimental group of fish, whose diet was supplemented with the probiotic “Subalin”.

Originality. For the first time in sturgeon aquaculture in Ukraine, the feasibility of performing cytogenetic assessment of bester juveniles based on analysis of the level of destabilization of the chromosomal apparatus of fish has been substantiated.

Practical Value. The results of the study can be used to improve technological schemes for intensive sturgeon farming and develop a system for controlling the genetic structure of breeding sturgeon stocks, which is critically important for preserving their gene pool.

Keywords: sturgeon aquaculture, bester juvenile, intensive cultivation, heat stress, probiotic “Subalin”, micronucleus test, cytogenetic disorders.

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