pdf35

Ribogospod. nauka Ukr., 2021; 1(55): 22-38
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/fsu2021.01.022
УДК 639.371.6:639.311

Producing and rearing largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides (Lacеpеde, 1802)) fry in conditions of warm-water pond fish farms (a review)

I. Hrytsyniak, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv
V. Guschin, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , State agency of fisheries of Ukraine, Kyiv
O. Polishchuk, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv

Purpose. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a fish species native to freshwaters of North America, is a promising object of aquaculture all over the world. This is evidenced by the fact that this species is currently actively cultivated in aquaculture of more than 50 countries worldwide, on all continents, with the exception of Antarctica and Australia, both for recreational fishing and as a table fish. If we consider the history of breeding and cultivation of the largemouth bass, we can note a tendency to a continuous expansion of the stages of cultivation and transition from polyculture to monoculture. For example, in the first half of the last century, fish farms in the United States raised mainly juveniles of largemouth bass for stocking to natural water bodies, but currently most farms use the full production cycle from fry to marketable fish. In addition, earlier largemouth bass was used in many countries mainly as an additional object of aquaculture (biomeliorator) to increase the production of common carp, but now, thanks to the development of recreational fishing, it is increasingly becoming the main object of aquaculture, which is facilitated by the intensification of cultivation methods. Nowadays, there are many methods of growing largemouth bass, from the simplest, extensive, when fish are raised on natural food supply, to most intensive using flow-through aquaculture systems and off-season spawning. On the territory of Ukraine, it may be effective to use pond aquaculture of largemouth bass, which begins from the production of larvae and fry at fish farms. This stage of fish farming will be discussed in this article.

Findings. This article contains brief information on method of natural spawning of largemouth bass, filling ponds with water, selection of broodstock and norms for their stocking to spawning ponds, spawning behavior of fish, peculiarities of caring for larvae and fry, sorting juveniles, as well as minimizing injuries during manipulations with fish.

Practical value. Information from this review can be used for development of a new method for production of largemouth bass larvae and fry at warm-water pond farms in Ukraine, taking into account climatic conditions and local specificities of aquaculture.   

Key words: Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, recreation fishing, sport fishing, pond fish farm, aquaculture, biomeliorator, larvae, fry, polyculture, monoculture, intensification, perspective species.

REFERENCE

  1. Barkoh, A. (1996). Effects of three fertilization treatments on water quality, zooplankton, and striped bass fingerling production in plastic-lined ponds. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 58 (4), 237-247. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1996)058<0237:EOTFTO>2.3.CO;2 
  2. Boyd, C. E. (1979). Water Quality in Warmwater Fish Ponds. Auburn, AL: Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station.
  3. Boyd, C. E. (1990). Water Quality in Ponds for Aquaculture. Auburn: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station; Auburn University.
  4. Buurma, B. J., Barkoh, A., & Alexander, G. (1996). Effects of cottonseed and alfalfa meals as fertilizers on production of palmetto bass Morone saxatilis × M. chrysops fingerlings in plastic-lined ponds. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 6 (3), 59-70. https://doi.org/10.1300/J028v06n03_06 
  5. Coyle, S. D., Patton, S., Schneider, K., & Tidwell, J. H. (2009). The effect of water temperature on growth and survival of largemouth bass during feed training. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 71, 256-259. https://doi.org/10.1577/A08-047.1 
  6. Glenewinkel, H., Barkoh, A., Engeling, T., Hall, L., Paret, J., and Owens, T. (2011). Guidelines for the culture of black bass. Management data series, 267. Austin, TX, USA: Texas Parks and Wildlife, Inland Fisheries Division.
  7. Heidinger, R. C. (1975). Life history and biology of the largemouth bass. Black Bass Biology and Management. Washington, DC Sport Fishing Institute, 11-20.
  8. Heidinger, R.C. (1976). Synopsis of biological data on the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede) 1802. Fisheries Synopsis, 115. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
  9. Hutson, P. L. (1983). Smallmouth bass culture in Texas. Management Data Series, 35. Austin, TX, USA: Texas Parks an Wildlife Department. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1983)45[169:SBCIT]2.0.CO;2 
  10. Hutson, P. L. (1990). Florida Largemouth Bass culture in Texas. Management Data Series, No. 35. Austin, TX, USA: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.
  11. Isaac, Jr., J., & Staats, V. H. (1992). Florida Largemouth Bass raceway spawning substrate evaluation. Proceeding of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, 46, 453-457.
  12. Kelly, A. M., & Heikes, D. (2013). Sorting and Grading Warmwater Fish. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center (SRAC) Publication, № 391. Stoneville, Mississippi.
  13. Kurten, G. (2001). Evaluation of stocking, harvest and zooplankton variables in ponds for rearing Florida largemouth bass fingerlings. Management Data Series, No. 195. Austin, TX, USA: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.
  14. MacCrimmon, H. R., and Robbins, W. N. (1975). Distribution of black basses in North America. Black Bass Biology and Management. Washington, DC: Sport Fishing Institute, 56-66.
  15. Matthews, M. D., Sakmar, J. C., & Trippel, N. (2012). Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide and temperature to control mortality caused by saprolegniasis and to increase hatching success of largemouth bass eggs. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 74, 463-467. https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2012.676608 
  16. Matthews, M. D., & Stout, R. B. (2013). Out-of-season spawning method for Florida largemouth bass to produce advanced-sized fingerling by early spring. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 75, 524-531. https://doi.org/10.1080/15222055.2013.824943
  17. Mischke, C. C., and Zimba, P. V. (2004). Plankton community responses in earthen channel catfish nursery ponds under various fertilization regimes. Aquaculture, 233, 219-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.09.044 
  18. Page, L. M., & Burr, B. M. (2011). A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
  19. Piper, R. G., McElwain, I. B., Orme, L. E., McCraren, J. P., Fowler, L. G., & Leonard, J. R. (1982). Fish Hatchery Management. Washington, DC, USA: United States Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.
  20. Post, D. M., Kitchell, J. F., & Hodgson, J. R. (1998). Interactions among adult demography, spawning date, growth rate, predation, overwinter mortality, and the recruitment of largemouth bass in a northern lake. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 55,    2588-2600. https://doi.org/10.1139/f98-139 
  21. Pyron, M. (1999). Relationships between geographical range size, body size, local abundance, and habitat breadth in North American suckers and sunfishes. Journal of Biogeography, 26, 549-558. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.1999.00303.x 
  22. Rahel, F. J. (2007). Biogeographic barriers, connectivity and homogenization of freshwater faunas: it's a small world after all. Freshwater Biology, 52, 696-710. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01708.x 
  23. Simco, B. A., Williamson, J. H., Carmichael, G. J., & Tomasso, J. R. (1986). Centrarchids. Culture of Non-Salmonid Freshwater Fishes. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 73-89.
  24. Skaggs, J. Y., Quintana, S., Shaw, M., Allen, N., Trippel, A., & Matthews, M. (2017). Effects of common angler handling techniques on Florida largemouth bass behavior, feeding, and survival. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 37, 263-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/02755947.2016.1249317 
  25. Snow, J. R. (1961). Forage fish preference and growth rate of largemouth bass fingerlings under experimental conditions. Proceedings Southeastern Association Game and Fish Commissioners, 15, 303-313.
  26. Snow, J. R. (1963). A method of distinguishing male bass at spawning time. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 25, 49. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1963)25[49:AMODMB]2.0.CO;2 
  27. Snow, J. R. (1965). Results of further experiments on rearing Largemouth Bass fingerlings under controlled conditions. Proceedings Southeastern Association Game and Fish Commissioners, 17, 191-203.
  28. Snow, J. R. (1970). Culture of largemouth bass. Proceedings of the 1970 Workshop on Fish Feed Technology and Nutrition. Resource Publication, U.S. Bureau Sportfish Wildlife, 102, 86-102.
  29. Snow, J. R. (1975). Hatchery propagation of the black basses. Black Bass: Biology and Management. Washington, DC: Sport Fishing Institute, 344-356.
  30. Swingle, H. S. (1950). Relationships and dynamics of balanced and unbalanced fish populations. Bulletin No. 274. Auburn, AL, USA: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station.
  31. Waters, D. S., & Noble, R. L. (2004). Spawning season and nest fidelity of largemouth bass in a tropical reservoir. North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 24, 1240-1251. https://doi.org/10.1577/M03-048.1 
  32. Wedemeyer, G. (2001). Fish Hatchery Management. 2nd edn. Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society.
  33. Wetzel, R. G. (2001). Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems. 3rd edn. New York: Academic Press.
  34. White, B. L. (1981). Culture of Florida largemouth bass. Midwest Black Bass Culture.Austin, TX, USA: Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 146-159.
Home2021№ 1/2021 (55)2021_01_022-038-Hrytsyniak-ukr