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Ribogospod. nauka Ukr., 2025; 2(72): 207-225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61976/fsu2025.02.207
UDC 619:611.37:611-073.7:636.7

Liver fibrosis of common roach (Rutilus rutilus Linnaeus, 1782): consequences of manmade load in conditions of full-scale war

М. Koziy, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0001-8131-8528, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv
О. Koziy, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0002-0064-4637, Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Mykolaiv

Purpose. To assess the structure of the liver of roach under the influence of sunflower oil hydrocarbons using histological methods, to establish changes in the parenchyma depending on the degree of organ damage. To determine the prospects for using the obtained results in histological and ecological practice.

Methodology. The materials were obtained in the spring of 2025 in the Southern Bug River, Matviyivka village. The processing of histological samples was performed in the laboratory of histology, cytology and embryology of the Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University in accordance with the author’s method of histological diagnosis of fish tissues.

Findings. The article presents the results of the assessment of the effect of sunflower oil hydrocarbons on the histological structure of the liver of juvenile roach. The fact of replacement of hepatocytes with fibrous tissue was recorded. Local replacement of lipostatic hepatocytes with necrotic foci was observed. In the presence of cellular detritus, an increase in the number of macrophages was recorded. The synthesis of the fibrous matrix occurs as a result of exosomal-cytokine activation of perisinusoidal stellate cells. The hepatocyte diameters increase with progressive fibrosis. A significant difference was recorded at stage F3 – 5.4µ more compared to the norm. The change in the diameter of the nucleus at all stages of fibrosis was insignificant and determines the smooth elimination of the ratio of the diameter of the nucleus to the cell by 0.04; 0.12 and 0.16. When moving to each subsequent stage of fibrosis, the percentage of lipid vacuoles increases abruptly by 6%, 39% and 48%. Progressive replacement of the liver parenchyma with fibrous tissue (F3) was accompanied by the appearance of foci of infiltrating adenocarcinoma.

Originality. New data on the morphology of liver fibrosis in fish have been obtained. For the first time, detailed information on the development of pathology under conditions of long-term exposure to sunflower oil hydrocarbons were obtained.

Practical Value. The presented new information is of practical interest in histological studies as well as in ichthyological practice in connection with the problem of the decline in fish populations under conditions of human impact on water bodies. The obtained data can be used for conducting studies on the prognosis of the state of the fish body and the risk of malignant neoplasms.

Keywords: roach, hepatocyte, lipophanerosis, necrosis, fibrosis, macrophage, stellate cells.

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