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Ribogospod. nauka Ukr., 2025; 1(71): 103-120
DOI: https://doi.org/10.61976/fsu2025.01.103
UDC 597.115:[639.371.06:639.3.06]

Genetic variability of Acipenser baerii (Brandt, 1869) by protein polymorphism in the process of domestication in industrial aquaculture

Т. Nahorniuk, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0002-4679-2993, Іnstitute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv
S. Pashko, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0009-0000-3849-7356, Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv
А. Mariutsa, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0001-5678-2660, Іnstitute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv
O. Tretiak, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. , ORCID ID 0000-0003-2300-9115, Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv

Purpose. To investigate the variability of the genetic structure of brood Siberian sturgeon by protein system loci during domestication under conditions of intensive aquaculture.

Methodology. The study of polymorphism of protein systems was carried out using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. To assess the genetic structure of the Siberian sturgeon group, we used the blood serum age-5-6 fish (n=30) grown using intensive technology in floating cages in the climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. We determined the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies at the transferrin (TF), albumin (ALB) and esterase (Est-1, Est-2, 3.1.1.1) loci. During artificial reproduction and subsequent cultivation of Siberian sturgeon, the main productive parameters were determined and abiotic environmental factors were analysed using generally accepted methods. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using common methodological techniques.

Findings. Under favorable environmental conditions, high growth and survival rates of fish were observed at all stages of cultivation with positive dynamics of the development of their reproductive system. The genetic structure of a group of Siberian sturgeon individuals with an average weight of 3.60±0.11 kg was characterized by a high level of heterozygosity (94.2%). The value of Wright’s fixation index (FIS) varied in the range from -0.346 (at the ALB locus) to -0.741 (at the Est-2 locus) with a mean value of -0.491. A negative value of the fixation index (inbreeding coefficient) indicates the absence of inbreeding in the studied fish stock.

Originality. The genetic structure of the Siberian sturgeon breeding group was studied for the first time during the domestication process during intensive cultivation in floating cages in the climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Practical Value. The study results are aimed at improving breeding methods with sturgeons in aquaculture and improving the quality of brood sturgeon stocks.

Keywords: Siberian sturgeon, genetic structure, heterozygosity, protein systems, polymorphism, domestication.

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